projekt_ZED
Aleksander Lisiecki
20 11 2021
Użyte biblioteki
library(dplyr)
library(plotly)
library(ggplot2)
library(readxl)
library(tidyr)Gold Prices
Wczytywanie i czyszczenie danych:
- nadanie właściwych typów danych,
- pozostawienie do dalszych rozważań jedynie ceny w walucie USD,
- zmiana nazw kolumn dla AM and PM fixing,
Gold.prices <- read.csv("C:/Users/alili/Desktop/studia/9 semestr/ZED/projekt/Data pack/Gold prices.csv",
colClasses = c(rep("Date", 1),
rep("numeric", 2),
rep("NULL", 4)),
col.names = c('Date',
'Morning.Fix.USD',
'Afternoon.Fix.USD',
rep("NULL", 4)),
header = TRUE)- uzupełnijnie brakujących wartości (NA) w kolumnach z ceną otwarcia i zamknięcia, wartością z sąsiedniej kolumny (w całym zbiorze nie ma sytuacji gdzie brakują obydwie)
Gold.prices <- Gold.prices %>%
mutate(Morning.Fix.USD = coalesce(Morning.Fix.USD, Afternoon.Fix.USD)) %>%
mutate(Afternoon.Fix.USD = coalesce(Afternoon.Fix.USD, Morning.Fix.USD)) Podsumowanie danych:
Zbiór zawiera codzienne wyceny złota podczas sesji otwarcia i zamknięcia od dnia 1968-01-02 do 2021-09-29.
head(Gold.prices)## Date Morning.Fix.USD Afternoon.Fix.USD
## 1 2021-09-29 1741.65 1737.15
## 2 2021-09-28 1739.65 1733.75
## 3 2021-09-27 1749.15 1755.30
## 4 2021-09-24 1755.15 1746.80
## 5 2021-09-23 1771.05 1750.00
## 6 2021-09-22 1775.35 1773.40nrow(Gold.prices)## [1] 13585summary(Gold.prices)## Date Morning.Fix.USD Afternoon.Fix.USD
## Min. :1968-01-02 Min. : 34.77 Min. : 34.75
## 1st Qu.:1981-06-10 1st Qu.: 280.50 1st Qu.: 280.30
## Median :1994-11-14 Median : 383.30 Median : 383.45
## Mean :1994-11-16 Mean : 575.17 Mean : 574.98
## 3rd Qu.:2008-04-23 3rd Qu.: 841.75 3rd Qu.: 838.25
## Max. :2021-09-29 Max. :2061.50 Max. :2067.15Analiza wartości ceny złota
Na wykresie widzimy zmianę cen otwarcia w czasie.
ggplot(Gold.prices, aes(x = Date)) +
geom_point(aes(y = Morning.Fix.USD), color = "yellow")
World development indicators
Wczytywanie zbioru danych
World_Development_Indicators <- read_excel("C:/Users/alili/Desktop/studia/9 semestr/ZED/projekt/Data pack/World_Development_Indicators.xlsx",
na = '..',
range = "A1:BC44305")
unique(World_Development_Indicators$`Country Name`)## [1] "Afghanistan" "Albania"
## [3] "Algeria" "American Samoa"
## [5] "Andorra" "Angola"
## [7] "Antigua and Barbuda" "Argentina"
## [9] "Armenia" "Aruba"
## [11] "Australia" "Austria"
## [13] "Azerbaijan" "Bahamas, The"
## [15] "Bahrain" "Bangladesh"
## [17] "Barbados" "Belarus"
## [19] "Belgium" "Belize"
## [21] "Benin" "Bermuda"
## [23] "Bhutan" "Bolivia"
## [25] "Brazil" "British Virgin Islands"
## [27] "Bulgaria" "Burundi"
## [29] "Cambodia" "Cameroon"
## [31] "Canada" "Cayman Islands"
## [33] "Central African Republic" "Chad"
## [35] "Channel Islands" "Chile"
## [37] "China" "Colombia"
## [39] "Comoros" "Congo, Dem. Rep."
## [41] "Congo, Rep." "Costa Rica"
## [43] "Croatia" "Cuba"
## [45] "Curacao" "Cyprus"
## [47] "Czech Republic" "Denmark"
## [49] "Djibouti" "Dominica"
## [51] "Dominican Republic" "Ecuador"
## [53] "Egypt, Arab Rep." "El Salvador"
## [55] "Equatorial Guinea" "Eritrea"
## [57] "Estonia" "Eswatini"
## [59] "Ethiopia" "Faroe Islands"
## [61] "Fiji" "Finland"
## [63] "France" "French Polynesia"
## [65] "Gabon" "Gambia, The"
## [67] "Georgia" "Germany"
## [69] "Ghana" "Gibraltar"
## [71] "Greece" "Greenland"
## [73] "Grenada" "Guam"
## [75] "Guatemala" "Guinea"
## [77] "Guinea-Bissau" "Guyana"
## [79] "Haiti" "Honduras"
## [81] "Hong Kong SAR, China" "Hungary"
## [83] "Iceland" "India"
## [85] "Indonesia" "Iran, Islamic Rep."
## [87] "Iraq" "Ireland"
## [89] "Isle of Man" "Israel"
## [91] "Italy" "Jamaica"
## [93] "Japan" "Jordan"
## [95] "Kazakhstan" "Kenya"
## [97] "Kiribati" "Korea, Dem. People's Rep."
## [99] "Korea, Rep." "Kosovo"
## [101] "Kuwait" "Kyrgyz Republic"
## [103] "Lao PDR" "Latvia"
## [105] "Lebanon" "Lesotho"
## [107] "Liberia" "Libya"
## [109] "Liechtenstein" "Lithuania"
## [111] "Luxembourg" "Macao SAR, China"
## [113] "Madagascar" "Malawi"
## [115] "Malaysia" "Maldives"
## [117] "Mali" "Malta"
## [119] "Marshall Islands" "Mauritania"
## [121] "Mauritius" "Mexico"
## [123] "Micronesia, Fed. Sts." "Moldova"
## [125] "Monaco" "Mongolia"
## [127] "Montenegro" "Morocco"
## [129] "Mozambique" "Myanmar"
## [131] "Namibia" "Nepal"
## [133] "Netherlands" "New Caledonia"
## [135] "New Zealand" "Nicaragua"
## [137] "Niger" "Nigeria"
## [139] "North Macedonia" "Norway"
## [141] "Oman" "Pakistan"
## [143] "Panama" "Papua New Guinea"
## [145] "Paraguay" "Peru"
## [147] "Philippines" "Poland"
## [149] "Portugal" "Puerto Rico"
## [151] "Qatar" "Romania"
## [153] "Russian Federation" "Rwanda"
## [155] "San Marino" "Sao Tome and Principe"
## [157] "Saudi Arabia" "Senegal"
## [159] "Serbia" "Seychelles"
## [161] "Sierra Leone" "Singapore"
## [163] "Sint Maarten (Dutch part)" "Slovak Republic"
## [165] "Slovenia" "Solomon Islands"
## [167] "South Africa" "South Sudan"
## [169] "Spain" "St. Vincent and the Grenadines"
## [171] "Sudan" "Suriname"
## [173] "Sweden" "Switzerland"
## [175] "Syrian Arab Republic" "Tajikistan"
## [177] "Tanzania" "Thailand"
## [179] "Togo" "Tonga"
## [181] "Trinidad and Tobago" "Tunisia"
## [183] "Turkey" "Turks and Caicos Islands"
## [185] "Tuvalu" "Uganda"
## [187] "Ukraine" "United Arab Emirates"
## [189] "United Kingdom" "United States"
## [191] "Uruguay" "Uzbekistan"
## [193] "Vanuatu" "Venezuela, RB"
## [195] "Vietnam" "Virgin Islands (U.S.)"
## [197] "West Bank and Gaza" "Yemen, Rep."
## [199] "Zambia" "Zimbabwe"
## [201] "Low & middle income" "Low income"
## [203] "Lower middle income" "Middle income"
## [205] "Bosnia and Herzegovina" "World"
## [207] "Upper middle income" "High income"Czyszczenie zbioru:
- usunięcie elementów innych niż kraje z kolumny
Country Name, pozostawienie całego swiata w zbiorze krajów,
World_Development_Indicators <- World_Development_Indicators %>%
filter(!`Country Name` %in% c("Low & middle income","Low income","Lower middle income","Middle income","Upper middle income","High income"))- wyodrębnienie kodów serii do osobnej tabeli oraz usunięcie jej z przetwarzanego zbioru,
- przeniesienie zmiennych do osobnych kolumn,
World_Development_Indicators.Series_Codes <- select(World_Development_Indicators, `Series Name`, `Series Code`)
World_Development_Indicators <- select(World_Development_Indicators, -`Series Code`)- przeniesienie pojedyńczych obserwacji do osobnych wierszy
World_Development_Indicators <- World_Development_Indicators %>%
pivot_longer(cols = `1970 [YR1970]`:`2020 [YR2020]`, names_to = "Year") %>%
group_by(`Series Name`) %>%
mutate(row = row_number()) %>%
tidyr::pivot_wider(names_from = `Series Name`, values_from = value) %>%
select(-row)- poprawa kolumny Year: wyodrębnienie lat jako numerycznych wartości
World_Development_Indicators <- World_Development_Indicators %>%
mutate(Year = as.numeric(substr(Year, 1, 4)))- pozostawiam 100 atrybutów, które mają najwięcej danych (najmniej wartości pustych) - nie jest to idealny sposób, ponieważ część państw może nie podawać w ogóle danych na różne wskaźniki,
World_Development_Indicators %>%
select(-(1:3)) %>%
summarise_all(funs(sum(is.na(.)))) %>%
t %>%
data.frame() %>%
top_n(-100)## Warning: `funs()` was deprecated in dplyr 0.8.0.
## Please use a list of either functions or lambdas:
##
## # Simple named list:
## list(mean = mean, median = median)
##
## # Auto named with `tibble::lst()`:
## tibble::lst(mean, median)
##
## # Using lambdas
## list(~ mean(., trim = .2), ~ median(., na.rm = TRUE))
## This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
## Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was generated.## Selecting by .## .
## Urban population growth (annual %) 85
## Urban population (% of total population) 60
## Urban population 83
## Transport services (% of commercial service exports) 3999
## Transport services (% of commercial service imports) 3847
## Trade in services (% of GDP) 3997
## Trade (% of GDP) 2919
## Total natural resources rents (% of GDP) 2003
## Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) 1544
## Taxes less subsidies on products (current US$) 3810
## Taxes less subsidies on products (current LCU) 3766
## Taxes less subsidies on products (constant LCU) 4550
## Survival to age 65, female (% of cohort) 1102
## Survival to age 65, male (% of cohort) 1102
## Services, value added (% of GDP) 3756
## Service imports (BoP, current US$) 3756
## Service exports (BoP, current US$) 3754
## Secondary education, pupils 3883
## Rural population growth (annual %) 462
## Rural population (% of total population) 60
## Rural population 83
## Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) 4626
## Pupil-teacher ratio, primary 4616
## Primary income payments (BoP, current US$) 3774
## Primary income receipts (BoP, current US$) 3780
## Primary school starting age (years) 527
## Portfolio investment, net (BoP, current US$) 4130
## Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$) 4578
## Population, total 32
## Population, male 950
## Population, male (% of total population) 927
## Population, female (% of total population) 927
## Population, female 950
## Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million 4284
## Population in the largest city (% of urban population) 2726
## Population in largest city 2754
## Population growth (annual %) 35
## Population density (people per sq. km of land area) 139
## Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) 927
## Population ages 15-64 (% of total population) 927
## Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) 927
## Number of under-five deaths 1968
## Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) 1342
## Nitrous oxide emissions in energy sector (% of total) 3198
## Net primary income (Net income from abroad) (current US$) 2685
## Net primary income (Net income from abroad) (current LCU) 2646
## Net primary income (BoP, current US$) 3799
## Net official development assistance received (current US$) 3733
## Net domestic credit (current LCU) 3316
## Natural gas rents (% of GDP) 2643
## Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) 1692
## Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) 1362
## Methane emissions in energy sector (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) 1100
## Merchandise exports to high-income economies (% of total merchandise exports) 2222
## Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) 3792
## Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 1016
## Land area (sq. km) 116
## Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) 3331
## Individuals using the Internet (% of population) 4659
## Imports of goods and services (current US$) 2898
## Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 2918
## Gross savings (% of GDP) 4799
## Gross national expenditure (% of GDP) 3408
## Gross national expenditure (current US$) 3343
## Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 3264
## Gross domestic savings (current US$) 3298
## Goods exports (BoP, current US$) 3758
## Goods imports (BoP, current US$) 3755
## GDP per capita (current US$) 1859
## GDP per capita growth (annual %) 2102
## GDP growth (annual %) 2099
## GDP (current US$) 1856
## Fuel exports (% of merchandise exports) 4550
## Fuel imports (% of merchandise imports) 4168
## Food exports (% of merchandise exports) 4188
## Food imports (% of merchandise imports) 4160
## Exports of goods and services (current US$) 2899
## Exports of goods and services (annual % growth) 4261
## Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh) 4693
## Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total) 4696
## Electricity production from oil, gas and coal sources (% of total) 4696
## Electricity production from coal sources (% of total) 4696
## Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total) 4696
## Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total) 4696
## Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total) 4798
## Consumer price index (2010 = 100) 3271
## CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total) 2459
## CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt) 2088
## CO2 emissions from transport (% of total fuel combustion) 4801
## CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion) 4801
## CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion) 4801
## CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction (% of total fuel combustion) 4801
## CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt) 2088
## CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total) 2459
## CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt) 2088
## CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total) 2459
## CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (% of total fuel combustion) 4801
## CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) 1985
## CO2 emissions (kt) 1982
## CO2 emissions (kg per 2010 US$ of GDP) 3072
## Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) 809Podsumowanie danych:
Zbiór zawiera pierdyliard wskaźników - trzeba wybrać potrzebne.
ncol(World_Development_Indicators)## [1] 216nrow(World_Development_Indicators)## [1] 10302summary(World_Development_Indicators)## Country Name Country Code Year
## Length:10302 Length:10302 Min. :1970
## Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.:1982
## Mode :character Mode :character Median :1995
## Mean :1995
## 3rd Qu.:2008
## Max. :2020
##
## Urban population growth (annual %) Urban population (% of total population)
## Min. :-187.142 Min. : 2.845
## 1st Qu.: 1.014 1st Qu.: 33.745
## Median : 2.316 Median : 53.649
## Mean : 2.639 Mean : 54.128
## 3rd Qu.: 3.968 3rd Qu.: 74.151
## Max. : 48.936 Max. :100.000
## NA's :85 NA's :60
## Value lost due to electrical outages (% of sales for affected firms)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 1.100
## Median : 2.500
## Mean : 4.324
## 3rd Qu.: 5.600
## Max. :33.800
## NA's :10019
## Urban population Urban land area (sq. km)
## Min. :1.267e+03 Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.:3.135e+05 1st Qu.: 541
## Median :2.215e+06 Median : 2956
## Mean :2.634e+07 Mean : 43069
## 3rd Qu.:8.152e+06 3rd Qu.: 12130
## Max. :4.352e+09 Max. :3629312
## NA's :83 NA's :9798
## Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (national estimate)
## Min. : 0.05
## 1st Qu.: 4.00
## Median : 6.68
## Mean : 8.10
## 3rd Qu.:10.47
## Max. :57.00
## NA's :5973
## Unemployment with advanced education (% of total labor force with advanced education)
## Min. : 0.050
## 1st Qu.: 3.035
## Median : 4.520
## Mean : 6.309
## 3rd Qu.: 7.275
## Max. :46.030
## NA's :8567
## Transport services (% of commercial service exports)
## Min. :-381.37
## 1st Qu.: 12.46
## Median : 23.33
## Mean : 26.83
## 3rd Qu.: 37.29
## Max. : 100.00
## NA's :3999
## Transport services (% of commercial service imports)
## Min. : 0.292
## 1st Qu.:27.934
## Median :40.914
## Mean :41.534
## 3rd Qu.:54.181
## Max. :98.467
## NA's :3847
## Trained teachers in upper secondary education (% of total teachers)
## Min. : 12.98
## 1st Qu.: 66.89
## Median : 88.01
## Mean : 79.80
## 3rd Qu.:100.00
## Max. :100.00
## NA's :9747
## Trained teachers in secondary education (% of total teachers)
## Min. : 9.005
## 1st Qu.: 66.770
## Median : 87.707
## Mean : 80.315
## 3rd Qu.: 98.906
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :9528
## Trained teachers in primary education (% of total teachers)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 73.66
## Median : 91.51
## Mean : 84.43
## 3rd Qu.: 99.67
## Max. :100.00
## NA's :9032
## Trademark applications, direct nonresident Trade in services (% of GDP)
## Min. : 8 Min. : 1.165
## 1st Qu.: 1326 1st Qu.: 9.496
## Median : 3470 Median : 15.622
## Mean : 11581 Mean : 23.012
## 3rd Qu.: 7484 3rd Qu.: 26.437
## Max. :1026624 Max. :304.276
## NA's :6194 NA's :3997
## Trade (% of GDP) Trademark applications, direct resident
## Min. : 0.021 Min. : 1
## 1st Qu.: 46.296 1st Qu.: 350
## Median : 69.847 Median : 2156
## Mean : 81.212 Mean : 31043
## 3rd Qu.:100.470 3rd Qu.: 9860
## Max. :860.800 Max. :3958768
## NA's :2919 NA's :6225
## Trademark applications, total Total natural resources rents (% of GDP)
## Min. : 1 Min. : 0.0000
## 1st Qu.: 1957 1st Qu.: 0.1986
## Median : 5834 Median : 1.8426
## Mean : 42397 Mean : 6.4860
## 3rd Qu.: 18224 3rd Qu.: 8.0490
## Max. :4960737 Max. :87.5074
## NA's :5966 NA's :2003
## Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)
## Min. : 1
## 1st Qu.: 7088
## Median : 30490
## Mean : 385108
## 3rd Qu.: 101018
## Max. :45873850
## NA's :1544
## Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)
## Min. : -83.525
## 1st Qu.: -9.041
## Median : 10.107
## Mean : 43.814
## 3rd Qu.: 49.047
## Max. :2519.020
## NA's :6588
## Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age)
## Min. : 0.003
## 1st Qu.: 2.217
## Median : 5.685
## Mean : 6.160
## 3rd Qu.: 9.528
## Max. :20.500
## NA's :9438
## Time required to build a warehouse (days)
## Min. : 27.0
## 1st Qu.:119.0
## Median :164.0
## Mean :179.5
## 3rd Qu.:219.0
## Max. :714.0
## NA's :7812
## Time required to enforce a contract (days)
## Min. : 120.0
## 1st Qu.: 449.0
## Median : 566.0
## Mean : 633.6
## 3rd Qu.: 725.0
## Max. :1785.0
## NA's :7509
## Time required to get electricity (days)
## Min. : 7.00
## 1st Qu.: 59.00
## Median : 82.52
## Mean : 99.22
## 3rd Qu.:117.00
## Max. :602.00
## NA's :8417
## Taxes on goods and services (current LCU)
## Min. :0.000e+00
## 1st Qu.:1.841e+09
## Median :2.003e+10
## Mean :2.775e+12
## 3rd Qu.:1.388e+11
## Max. :7.045e+14
## NA's :6494
## Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (% of revenue)
## Min. :-1.351
## 1st Qu.:14.024
## Median :20.807
## Mean :23.336
## 3rd Qu.:30.997
## Max. :78.013
## NA's :6496
## Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (% of total taxes)
## Min. : -4.469
## 1st Qu.: 23.620
## Median : 34.511
## Mean : 35.585
## 3rd Qu.: 45.979
## Max. :130.540
## NA's :6468
## Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (current LCU)
## Min. :-3.514e+11
## 1st Qu.: 9.422e+08
## Median : 1.390e+10
## Mean : 3.076e+12
## 3rd Qu.: 1.196e+11
## Max. : 7.723e+14
## NA's :6462
## Taxes on international trade (% of revenue)
## Min. :-15.842
## 1st Qu.: 0.885
## Median : 4.434
## Mean : 8.808
## 3rd Qu.: 13.020
## Max. : 64.660
## NA's :6496
## Taxes on international trade (current LCU)
## Min. :-2.969e+11
## 1st Qu.: 4.573e+07
## Median : 9.817e+08
## Mean : 4.031e+11
## 3rd Qu.: 1.422e+10
## Max. : 6.255e+13
## NA's :6458
## Taxes on goods and services (% value added of industry and services)
## Min. : 0.034
## 1st Qu.: 6.314
## Median :10.142
## Mean :10.294
## 3rd Qu.:13.692
## Max. :40.005
## NA's :7127
## Taxes on goods and services (% of revenue) Taxes on exports (current LCU)
## Min. : 0.00 Min. :-4.049e+11
## 1st Qu.:22.64 1st Qu.: 0.000e+00
## Median :31.18 Median : 0.000e+00
## Mean :30.33 Mean : 5.077e+10
## 3rd Qu.:38.43 3rd Qu.: 9.500e+06
## Max. :91.29 Max. : 2.886e+13
## NA's :6528 NA's :6569
## Taxes on exports (% of tax revenue)
## Min. :-25.224
## 1st Qu.: 0.000
## Median : 0.000
## Mean : 1.074
## 3rd Qu.: 0.060
## Max. : 51.677
## NA's :6582
## Taxes less subsidies on products (current US$)
## Min. :-1.444e+10
## 1st Qu.: 1.769e+08
## Median : 9.781e+08
## Mean : 1.486e+10
## 3rd Qu.: 6.071e+09
## Max. : 7.741e+11
## NA's :3810
## Taxes less subsidies on products (current LCU)
## Min. :-1.255e+14
## 1st Qu.: 4.764e+08
## Median : 7.882e+09
## Mean : 2.774e+12
## 3rd Qu.: 1.007e+11
## Max. : 6.511e+14
## NA's :3766
## Taxes less subsidies on products (constant LCU) Tax revenue (current LCU)
## Min. :-9.832e+13 Min. :0.000e+00
## 1st Qu.: 2.163e+09 1st Qu.:3.618e+09
## Median : 2.837e+10 Median :4.233e+10
## Mean : 2.973e+12 Mean :6.441e+12
## 3rd Qu.: 2.456e+11 3rd Qu.:3.092e+11
## Max. : 4.503e+14 Max. :1.544e+15
## NA's :4550 NA's :6431
## Tax revenue (% of GDP) Tax payments (number)
## Min. : 0.043 Min. : 3.00
## 1st Qu.:12.039 1st Qu.: 11.00
## Median :16.496 Median : 28.00
## Mean :17.043 Mean : 28.18
## 3rd Qu.:21.802 3rd Qu.: 40.00
## Max. :62.503 Max. :147.00
## NA's :6485 NA's :7774
## Survival to age 65, female (% of cohort)
## Min. : 6.464
## 1st Qu.:60.498
## Median :77.243
## Mean :71.857
## 3rd Qu.:84.646
## Max. :96.093
## NA's :1102
## Survival to age 65, male (% of cohort)
## Min. : 1.477
## 1st Qu.:51.721
## Median :64.546
## Mean :62.272
## 3rd Qu.:74.024
## Max. :92.978
## NA's :1102
## Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population)
## Min. : 0.0
## 1st Qu.: 4.9
## Median : 8.1
## Mean :10.6
## 3rd Qu.:13.1
## Max. :92.6
## NA's :6842
## Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 2.300
## Median : 4.000
## Mean : 5.081
## 3rd Qu.: 6.700
## Max. :39.500
## NA's :6842
## Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population)
## Min. : 0.0
## 1st Qu.: 7.0
## Median : 11.8
## Mean : 16.3
## 3rd Qu.: 20.0
## Max. :147.8
## NA's :6842
## Stocks traded, turnover ratio of domestic shares (%)
## Min. : 0.002
## 1st Qu.: 7.418
## Median : 25.806
## Mean : 45.832
## 3rd Qu.: 59.387
## Max. :1721.544
## NA's :8095
## Stocks traded, total value (current US$) Stocks traded, total value (% of GDP)
## Min. :2.000e+04 Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.:5.064e+08 1st Qu.: 1.417
## Median :9.853e+09 Median : 7.136
## Mean :1.083e+12 Mean : 28.793
## 3rd Qu.:1.085e+11 3rd Qu.: 31.136
## Max. :1.012e+14 Max. :952.667
## NA's :7688 NA's :7721
## Strength of legal rights index (0=weak to 12=strong)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 2.000
## Median : 6.000
## Mean : 5.197
## 3rd Qu.: 7.000
## Max. :12.000
## NA's :9054
## Short-term debt (% of total reserves)
## Min. : 0.0
## 1st Qu.: 13.7
## Median : 38.8
## Mean : 852.2
## 3rd Qu.: 98.4
## Max. :527646.8
## NA's :6221
## Short-term debt (% of total external debt)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 3.104
## Median : 8.757
## Mean :11.681
## 3rd Qu.:15.972
## Max. :88.983
## NA's :5452
## Short-term debt (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 5.966
## Median : 16.397
## Mean : 33.322
## 3rd Qu.: 30.898
## Max. :4343.890
## NA's :6510
## Share of youth not in education, employment or training, female (% of female youth population)
## Min. : 0.10
## 1st Qu.:11.43
## Median :18.62
## Mean :21.24
## 3rd Qu.:29.37
## Max. :79.11
## NA's :8896
## Share of youth not in education, employment or training, male (% of male youth population)
## Min. : 0.13
## 1st Qu.: 8.42
## Median :12.12
## Mean :13.50
## 3rd Qu.:16.34
## Max. :86.79
## NA's :8897
## Share of youth not in education, employment or training, total (% of youth population)
## Min. : 0.06
## 1st Qu.:10.35
## Median :16.54
## Mean :17.23
## 3rd Qu.:22.09
## Max. :68.56
## NA's :8877
## Services, value added (% of GDP) Service imports (BoP, current US$)
## Min. :10.86 Min. :9.128e+05
## 1st Qu.:42.44 1st Qu.:2.966e+08
## Median :51.71 Median :1.213e+09
## Mean :51.33 Mean :2.893e+10
## 3rd Qu.:59.88 3rd Qu.:6.776e+09
## Max. :96.20 Max. :5.885e+12
## NA's :3756 NA's :3756
## Service exports (BoP, current US$)
## Min. :0.000e+00
## 1st Qu.:1.846e+08
## Median :1.115e+09
## Mean :3.008e+10
## 3rd Qu.:6.608e+09
## Max. :6.246e+12
## NA's :3754
## Self-employed, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
## Min. : 0.39
## 1st Qu.:19.56
## Median :36.82
## Mean :42.13
## 3rd Qu.:61.79
## Max. :98.93
## NA's :5169
## Self-employed, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
## Min. : 0.41
## 1st Qu.:16.65
## Median :37.29
## Mean :42.92
## 3rd Qu.:66.51
## Max. :98.96
## NA's :5169
## Self-employed, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
## Min. : 0.07
## 1st Qu.:12.70
## Median :38.20
## Mean :43.90
## 3rd Qu.:76.02
## Max. :99.38
## NA's :5169
## Secure Internet servers Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people)
## Min. : 0 Min. : 0.0
## 1st Qu.: 45 1st Qu.: 10.4
## Median : 386 Median : 127.4
## Mean : 219514 Mean : 5174.5
## 3rd Qu.: 5751 3rd Qu.: 1302.0
## Max. :89189073 Max. :741078.8
## NA's :8138 NA's :8130
## Secondary education, teachers Secondary education, pupils
## Min. : 0 Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.: 3546 1st Qu.: 66665
## Median : 24832 Median : 393889
## Mean : 412550 Mean : 5470751
## 3rd Qu.: 89980 3rd Qu.: 1346140
## Max. :36500000 Max. :601000000
## NA's :5880 NA's :3883
## Scientific and technical journal articles
## Min. : 0.0
## 1st Qu.: 26.1
## Median : 218.8
## Mean : 19508.7
## 3rd Qu.: 3422.9
## Max. :2554373.4
## NA's :6806
## School enrollment, tertiary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
## Min. :0.000
## 1st Qu.:0.561
## Median :0.974
## Mean :0.894
## 3rd Qu.:1.222
## Max. :1.872
## NA's :5770
## S&P Global Equity Indices (annual % change) Rural population growth (annual %)
## Min. :-84.230 Min. :-235.7924
## 1st Qu.:-12.683 1st Qu.: -0.4782
## Median : 6.099 Median : 0.6548
## Mean : 9.323 Mean : 0.4497
## 3rd Qu.: 26.520 3rd Qu.: 1.8431
## Max. :912.281 Max. : 29.6283
## NA's :8340 NA's :462
## Rural population (% of total population) Rural population
## Min. : 0.00 Min. :0.000e+00
## 1st Qu.:25.85 1st Qu.:2.389e+05
## Median :46.35 Median :2.110e+06
## Mean :45.87 Mean :3.006e+07
## 3rd Qu.:66.26 3rd Qu.:8.174e+06
## Max. :97.16 Max. :3.399e+09
## NA's :60 NA's :83
## Researchers in R&D (per million people)
## Min. : 5.912
## 1st Qu.: 391.073
## Median :1410.885
## Mean :2002.508
## 3rd Qu.:3224.432
## Max. :8065.887
## NA's :8807
## Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
## Min. :0.005
## 1st Qu.:0.243
## Median :0.583
## Mean :0.943
## 3rd Qu.:1.328
## Max. :4.953
## NA's :8369
## Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 3.605
## Median :18.205
## Mean :30.269
## 3rd Qu.:52.168
## Max. :98.343
## NA's :4626
## Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)
## Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.: 1291
## Median : 3551
## Mean : 37707
## 3rd Qu.: 19525
## Max. :10662187
## NA's :8698
## Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 6.16
## Median : 39.00
## Mean : 507.47
## 3rd Qu.: 170.00
## Max. :43392.16
## NA's :8693
## Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.067
## Median : 13.981
## Mean : 30.019
## 3rd Qu.: 56.922
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :5046
## Real interest rate (%) Pupil-teacher ratio, upper secondary
## Min. :-97.693 Min. : 3.71
## 1st Qu.: 1.931 1st Qu.: 10.38
## Median : 5.722 Median : 14.09
## Mean : 5.830 Mean : 15.66
## 3rd Qu.: 10.109 3rd Qu.: 18.65
## Max. :628.320 Max. :322.15
## NA's :6397 NA's :8562
## Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary
## Min. : 0.791 Min. : 4.979
## 1st Qu.: 9.800 1st Qu.:12.390
## Median : 13.467 Median :16.724
## Mean : 15.085 Mean :18.153
## 3rd Qu.: 18.538 3rd Qu.:22.019
## Max. :147.560 Max. :80.052
## NA's :6650 NA's :6146
## Pupil-teacher ratio, primary Pupil-teacher ratio, preprimary
## Min. : 5.226 Min. : 3.23
## 1st Qu.: 18.017 1st Qu.: 14.37
## Median : 25.326 Median : 20.06
## Mean : 28.065 Mean : 21.07
## 3rd Qu.: 35.371 3rd Qu.: 26.06
## Max. :100.236 Max. :113.97
## NA's :4616 NA's :6138
## Rail lines (total route-km) Railways, goods transported (million ton-km)
## Min. : 100 Min. : 0.7
## 1st Qu.: 1209 1st Qu.: 1010.0
## Median : 3122 Median : 4242.0
## Mean : 10318 Mean : 105186.3
## 3rd Qu.: 7950 3rd Qu.: 17494.5
## Max. :203875 Max. :2946579.0
## NA's :8356 NA's :8318
## Railways, passengers carried (million passenger-km)
## Min. : 0.0
## 1st Qu.: 369.2
## Median : 2264.0
## Mean : 34233.8
## 3rd Qu.: 12571.2
## Max. :1345690.0
## NA's :8420
## Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 9.062
## Median :15.833
## Mean :17.540
## 3rd Qu.:24.379
## Max. :63.750
## NA's :6239
## Primary income payments (BoP, current US$)
## Min. :-2.187e+08
## 1st Qu.: 9.432e+07
## Median : 5.825e+08
## Mean : 2.426e+10
## 3rd Qu.: 4.312e+09
## Max. : 4.859e+12
## NA's :3774
## Primary income receipts (BoP, current US$) Primary school starting age (years)
## Min. :-5.061e+07 Min. :4.000
## 1st Qu.: 2.571e+07 1st Qu.:6.000
## Median : 2.018e+08 Median :6.000
## Mean : 2.345e+10 Mean :6.154
## 3rd Qu.: 2.003e+09 3rd Qu.:7.000
## Max. : 4.790e+12 Max. :8.000
## NA's :3780 NA's :527
## Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)
## Min. : 2.50
## 1st Qu.: 2.50
## Median : 6.10
## Mean :10.75
## 3rd Qu.:14.80
## Max. :67.50
## NA's :7414
## Portfolio investment, net (BoP, current US$)
## Min. :-8.080e+11
## 1st Qu.:-1.077e+08
## Median : 0.000e+00
## Mean :-1.817e+09
## 3rd Qu.: 2.950e+07
## Max. : 2.827e+11
## NA's :4130
## Portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$)
## Min. :-2.310e+10
## 1st Qu.:-5.924e+06
## Median : 0.000e+00
## Mean : 1.340e+09
## 3rd Qu.: 7.044e+08
## Max. : 1.053e+11
## NA's :8635
## Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$) Population, total
## Min. :-2.441e+11 Min. :5.740e+03
## 1st Qu.: 0.000e+00 1st Qu.:7.370e+05
## Median : 0.000e+00 Median :4.950e+06
## Mean : 5.275e+09 Mean :5.614e+07
## 3rd Qu.: 5.329e+07 3rd Qu.:1.644e+07
## Max. : 1.258e+12 Max. :7.753e+09
## NA's :4578 NA's :32
## Population, male Population, male (% of total population)
## Min. :2.528e+04 Min. :44.37
## 1st Qu.:8.912e+05 1st Qu.:48.91
## Median :3.004e+06 Median :49.64
## Mean :3.102e+07 Mean :49.91
## 3rd Qu.:9.703e+06 3rd Qu.:50.35
## Max. :3.907e+09 Max. :76.71
## NA's :950 NA's :927
## Population, female (% of total population) Population, female
## Min. :23.29 Min. :2.586e+04
## 1st Qu.:49.65 1st Qu.:8.528e+05
## Median :50.36 Median :3.016e+06
## Mean :50.09 Mean :3.060e+07
## 3rd Qu.:51.09 3rd Qu.:9.736e+06
## Max. :55.63 Max. :3.843e+09
## NA's :927 NA's :950
## Population living in slums (% of urban population)
## Min. : 0.001
## 1st Qu.:24.250
## Median :45.300
## Mean :44.571
## 3rd Qu.:65.100
## Max. :98.900
## NA's :9712
## Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million
## Min. : 34329
## 1st Qu.: 1078178
## Median : 1999004
## Mean : 9328817
## 3rd Qu.: 6761455
## Max. :409712858
## NA's :4284
## Population in the largest city (% of urban population)
## Min. : 2.867
## 1st Qu.: 21.375
## Median : 31.554
## Mean : 34.404
## 3rd Qu.: 43.659
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :2726
## Population in largest city Population growth (annual %)
## Min. : 18587 Min. :-10.9551
## 1st Qu.: 610060 1st Qu.: 0.5863
## Median : 1287166 Median : 1.5433
## Mean : 2947763 Mean : 1.6665
## 3rd Qu.: 2996023 3rd Qu.: 2.5963
## Max. :37468302 Max. : 17.6334
## NA's :2754 NA's :35
## Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
## Min. : 0.136
## 1st Qu.: 22.751
## Median : 71.788
## Mean : 363.860
## 3rd Qu.: 168.119
## Max. :21388.600
## NA's :139
## Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)
## Min. : 0.6856
## 1st Qu.: 3.2222
## Median : 4.7001
## Mean : 6.8462
## 3rd Qu.: 9.9492
## Max. :28.3973
## NA's :927
## Population ages 15-64 (% of total population)
## Min. :45.45
## 1st Qu.:53.38
## Median :60.60
## Mean :60.05
## 3rd Qu.:66.12
## Max. :86.40
## NA's :927
## Population ages 0-14 (% of total population)
## Min. :11.05
## 1st Qu.:23.30
## Median :34.25
## Mean :33.10
## 3rd Qu.:43.27
## Max. :51.57
## NA's :927
## PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)
## Min. : 5.861
## 1st Qu.: 15.456
## Median : 23.896
## Mean : 28.533
## 3rd Qu.: 36.401
## Max. :100.784
## NA's :8106
## PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guideline value (% of total)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 99.96
## Median :100.00
## Mean : 92.84
## 3rd Qu.:100.00
## Max. :100.00
## NA's :8106
## PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-1 value (% of total)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.000
## Median : 0.052
## Mean : 26.004
## 3rd Qu.: 48.113
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :8118
## PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-2 value (% of total)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 0.00
## Median : 33.52
## Mean : 46.30
## 3rd Qu.: 99.95
## Max. :100.00
## NA's :8118
## PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-3 value (% of total)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 52.73
## Median : 99.95
## Mean : 74.56
## 3rd Qu.:100.00
## Max. :100.00
## NA's :8118
## Part time employment, total (% of total employment)
## Min. : 0.14
## 1st Qu.:18.99
## Median :26.75
## Mean :27.89
## 3rd Qu.:36.58
## Max. :96.31
## NA's :8623
## Patent applications, nonresidents Patent applications, residents
## Min. : 1.0 Min. : 1
## 1st Qu.: 51.0 1st Qu.: 30
## Median : 291.5 Median : 219
## Mean : 9643.4 Mean : 20738
## 3rd Qu.: 2427.8 3rd Qu.: 1601
## Max. :885152.0 Max. :2294881
## NA's :6478 NA's :6745
## Number of under-five deaths Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)
## Min. : 0 Min. :-100.000
## 1st Qu.: 644 1st Qu.: -15.587
## Median : 5148 Median : 2.461
## Mean : 92240 Mean : 17.437
## 3rd Qu.: 38260 3rd Qu.: 23.063
## Max. :12493789 Max. :2509.806
## NA's :1968 NA's :6100
## Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)
## Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.: 510
## Median : 3250
## Mean : 28168
## 3rd Qu.: 10902
## Max. :2986520
## NA's :1342
## Nitrous oxide emissions in energy sector (% of total)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 2.626
## Median : 5.619
## Mean : 8.906
## 3rd Qu.: 9.961
## Max. :192.227
## NA's :3198
## Net primary income (Net income from abroad) (current US$)
## Min. :-9.905e+10
## 1st Qu.:-1.014e+09
## Median :-1.190e+08
## Mean :-4.071e+08
## 3rd Qu.: 0.000e+00
## Max. : 2.923e+11
## NA's :2685
## Net primary income (Net income from abroad) (current LCU)
## Min. :-4.813e+14
## 1st Qu.:-1.152e+10
## Median :-4.527e+08
## Mean :-9.054e+11
## 3rd Qu.: 0.000e+00
## Max. : 1.051e+14
## NA's :2646
## Net primary income (Net income from abroad) (constant LCU)
## Min. :-2.540e+12
## 1st Qu.:-1.247e+10
## Median :-9.250e+08
## Mean :-2.844e+10
## 3rd Qu.: 6.740e+09
## Max. : 2.849e+11
## NA's :9436
## Net primary income (BoP, current US$)
## Min. :-1.052e+11
## 1st Qu.:-1.296e+09
## Median :-1.701e+08
## Mean :-4.647e+08
## 3rd Qu.:-3.929e+06
## Max. : 2.578e+11
## NA's :3799
## Net official development assistance received (current US$)
## Min. :-9.899e+08
## 1st Qu.: 2.867e+07
## Median : 1.227e+08
## Mean : 8.948e+08
## 3rd Qu.: 3.999e+08
## Max. : 1.678e+11
## NA's :3733
## Net official aid received (current US$) Net domestic credit (current LCU)
## Min. :-461600006 Min. :-5.424e+13
## 1st Qu.: 6070000 1st Qu.: 2.546e+09
## Median : 97704998 Median : 4.899e+10
## Mean : 508139023 Mean : 4.199e+13
## 3rd Qu.: 347005013 3rd Qu.: 6.330e+11
## Max. :8320969727 Max. : 1.021e+16
## NA's :9974 NA's :3316
## Net acquisition of financial assets (% of GDP) Natural gas rents (% of GDP)
## Min. :-24.587 Min. : 0.0000
## 1st Qu.: 0.000 1st Qu.: 0.0000
## Median : 0.452 Median : 0.0000
## Mean : 1.665 Mean : 0.2621
## 3rd Qu.: 2.103 3rd Qu.: 0.0713
## Max. : 55.409 Max. :22.4135
## NA's :8066 NA's :2643
## Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
## Min. : 1.50
## 1st Qu.: 12.70
## Median : 31.00
## Mean : 44.97
## 3rd Qu.: 67.08
## Max. :219.30
## NA's :1692
## Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.:10.80
## Median :16.70
## Mean :17.89
## 3rd Qu.:24.90
## Max. :64.60
## NA's :6834
## Methane emissions (% change from 1990)
## Min. :-100.000
## 1st Qu.: -5.452
## Median : 8.072
## Mean : 23.534
## 3rd Qu.: 28.563
## Max. :2414.776
## NA's :6122
## Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)
## Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.: 1666
## Median : 7393
## Mean : 73004
## 3rd Qu.: 26412
## Max. :8174420
## NA's :1362
## Methane emissions in energy sector (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)
## Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.: 140
## Median : 906
## Mean : 24158
## 3rd Qu.: 5226
## Max. :3187680
## NA's :1100
## Merchandise exports to high-income economies (% of total merchandise exports)
## Min. : 0.0074
## 1st Qu.: 56.1305
## Median : 72.8578
## Mean : 67.9252
## 3rd Qu.: 84.5693
## Max. :100.0000
## NA's :2222
## Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 7.858
## Median :12.675
## Mean :13.239
## 3rd Qu.:17.559
## Max. :50.037
## NA's :3792
## Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
## Min. : 9.434
## 1st Qu.: 71.497
## Median : 89.635
## Mean : 81.162
## 3rd Qu.: 95.906
## Max. : 99.998
## NA's :9369
## Life expectancy at birth, total (years) Lending interest rate (%)
## Min. :18.91 Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.:59.23 1st Qu.: 8.35
## Median :69.03 Median : 12.17
## Mean :66.18 Mean : 42.45
## 3rd Qu.:74.00 3rd Qu.: 18.00
## Max. :85.42 Max. :99764.53
## NA's :1016 NA's :6244
## Land area (sq. km) Labor force, total
## Min. : 2 Min. :3.120e+04
## 1st Qu.: 13450 1st Qu.:1.036e+06
## Median : 100250 Median :3.335e+06
## Mean : 1288346 Mean :3.302e+07
## 3rd Qu.: 472710 3rd Qu.:1.023e+07
## Max. :129956634 Max. :3.468e+09
## NA's :116 NA's :4818
## International tourism, expenditures (current US$)
## Min. :1.000e+05
## 1st Qu.:1.350e+08
## Median :5.315e+08
## Mean :1.125e+10
## 3rd Qu.:3.358e+09
## Max. :1.550e+12
## NA's :6644
## International migrant stock (% of population) Interest payments (% of expense)
## Min. : 0.033 Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 1.338 1st Qu.: 3.555
## Median : 4.150 Median : 7.147
## Mean :11.043 Mean : 8.892
## 3rd Qu.:12.445 3rd Qu.:11.796
## Max. :88.404 Max. :63.985
## NA's :9116 NA's :6682
## Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)
## Min. : -18.109
## 1st Qu.: 2.284
## Median : 5.270
## Mean : 26.995
## 3rd Qu.: 11.003
## Max. :23773.132
## NA's :3331
## Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.137
## Median : 6.838
## Mean : 23.099
## 3rd Qu.: 41.497
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :4659
## Income share held by highest 10% Imports of goods and services (current US$)
## Min. :18.30 Min. :0.000e+00
## 1st Qu.:24.60 1st Qu.:1.236e+09
## Median :28.10 Median :5.799e+09
## Mean :30.03 Mean :1.218e+11
## 3rd Qu.:34.30 3rd Qu.:3.071e+10
## Max. :61.50 Max. :2.472e+13
## NA's :8603 NA's :2898
## Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 25.17
## Median : 36.40
## Mean : 43.40
## 3rd Qu.: 54.78
## Max. :427.58
## NA's :2918
## ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports) Gross savings (% of GDP)
## Min. : 0.000 Min. :-236.27
## 1st Qu.: 0.123 1st Qu.: 14.67
## Median : 0.734 Median : 20.60
## Mean : 4.570 Mean : 20.88
## 3rd Qu.: 4.146 3rd Qu.: 26.69
## Max. :63.636 Max. : 100.67
## NA's :7388 NA's :4799
## Gross national expenditure (% of GDP) Gross national expenditure (current US$)
## Min. : 21.21 Min. :1.805e+07
## 1st Qu.: 97.72 1st Qu.:4.042e+09
## Median :102.99 Median :1.886e+10
## Mean :104.58 Mean :4.958e+11
## 3rd Qu.:110.27 3rd Qu.:1.088e+11
## Max. :261.43 Max. :8.715e+13
## NA's :3408 NA's :3343
## Gross savings (current US$) Gross domestic savings (% of GDP)
## Min. :-2.601e+10 Min. :-141.97
## 1st Qu.: 6.971e+08 1st Qu.: 10.54
## Median : 4.393e+09 Median : 20.32
## Mean : 7.262e+10 Mean : 18.91
## 3rd Qu.: 3.228e+10 3rd Qu.: 27.55
## Max. : 6.257e+12 Max. : 88.39
## NA's :4816 NA's :3264
## Gross domestic savings (current US$)
## Min. :-7.622e+09
## 1st Qu.: 3.501e+08
## Median : 3.108e+09
## Mean : 1.253e+11
## 3rd Qu.: 2.839e+10
## Max. : 2.348e+13
## NA's :3298
## Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 3.045
## Median : 4.242
## Mean : 4.336
## 3rd Qu.: 5.392
## Max. :44.334
## NA's :6604
## Goods exports (BoP, current US$) Goods imports (BoP, current US$)
## Min. :1.991e+05 Min. :5.153e+06
## 1st Qu.:5.457e+08 1st Qu.:9.326e+08
## Median :3.357e+09 Median :4.710e+09
## Mean :1.057e+11 Mean :1.050e+11
## 3rd Qu.:2.484e+10 3rd Qu.:2.545e+10
## Max. :1.926e+13 Max. :1.901e+13
## NA's :3758 NA's :3755
## GNI growth (annual %) GDP per capita (current US$)
## Min. :-50.143 Min. : 22.8
## 1st Qu.: 1.219 1st Qu.: 748.9
## Median : 3.546 Median : 2611.4
## Mean : 3.435 Mean : 9977.6
## 3rd Qu.: 5.986 3rd Qu.: 10385.6
## Max. : 44.264 Max. :190512.7
## NA's :5259 NA's :1859
## GDP per capita growth (annual %) GDP growth (annual %) GDP (current US$)
## Min. :-64.992 Min. :-64.047 Min. :8.824e+06
## 1st Qu.: -0.417 1st Qu.: 1.171 1st Qu.:2.199e+09
## Median : 1.998 Median : 3.609 Median :1.113e+10
## Mean : 1.773 Mean : 3.456 Mean :4.252e+11
## 3rd Qu.: 4.331 3rd Qu.: 6.010 3rd Qu.:7.158e+10
## Max. :140.367 Max. :149.973 Max. :8.761e+13
## NA's :2102 NA's :2099 NA's :1856
## Fuel exports (% of merchandise exports)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.469
## Median : 3.150
## Mean : 15.994
## 3rd Qu.: 14.445
## Max. :359.256
## NA's :4550
## Fuel imports (% of merchandise imports)
## Min. : 0.009
## 1st Qu.: 7.114
## Median :12.086
## Mean :13.618
## 3rd Qu.:18.440
## Max. :94.057
## NA's :4168
## Food exports (% of merchandise exports)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 6.28
## Median : 16.24
## Mean : 27.23
## 3rd Qu.: 42.85
## Max. :354.55
## NA's :4188
## Food imports (% of merchandise imports) External debt stocks (% of GNI)
## Min. : 0.474 Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 8.469 1st Qu.: 26.38
## Median :12.737 Median : 42.70
## Mean :14.174 Mean : 59.52
## 3rd Qu.:18.037 3rd Qu.: 71.32
## Max. :62.416 Max. :1233.10
## NA's :4160 NA's :5894
## Exports of goods and services (current US$)
## Min. :6.933e+05
## 1st Qu.:8.995e+08
## Median :4.828e+09
## Mean :1.242e+11
## 3rd Qu.:3.171e+10
## Max. :2.525e+13
## NA's :2899
## Exports of goods and services (annual % growth) Expense (% of GDP)
## Min. : -96.4 Min. : 2.806
## 1st Qu.: -0.4 1st Qu.: 17.421
## Median : 4.8 Median : 25.755
## Mean : 145.5 Mean : 26.779
## 3rd Qu.: 10.7 3rd Qu.: 34.399
## Max. :844788.2 Max. :210.205
## NA's :4261 NA's :6700
## Employment in industry (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
## Min. : 0.28
## 1st Qu.:14.10
## Median :20.32
## Mean :20.05
## 3rd Qu.:25.75
## Max. :59.58
## NA's :5169
## Employment in services (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
## Min. : 5.34
## 1st Qu.:37.22
## Median :52.06
## Mean :50.87
## 3rd Qu.:66.08
## Max. :89.94
## NA's :5169
## Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
## Min. : 0.03
## 1st Qu.: 6.94
## Median :23.27
## Mean :29.08
## 3rd Qu.:45.69
## Max. :92.37
## NA's :5169
## Employers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 1.21
## Median : 2.94
## Mean : 3.22
## 3rd Qu.: 4.63
## Max. :17.88
## NA's :5169
## Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)
## Min. :0.000e+00
## 1st Qu.:0.000e+00
## Median :1.000e+06
## Mean :4.667e+09
## 3rd Qu.:4.470e+08
## Max. :1.645e+12
## NA's :4693
## Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.000
## Median : 0.006
## Mean : 2.295
## 3rd Qu.: 1.504
## Max. :65.444
## NA's :4696
## Electricity production from oil, gas and coal sources (% of total)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 29.76
## Median : 65.25
## Mean : 59.24
## 3rd Qu.: 91.90
## Max. :100.00
## NA's :4696
## Electricity production from coal sources (% of total)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.000
## Median : 0.097
## Mean :16.312
## 3rd Qu.:26.556
## Max. :99.795
## NA's :4696
## Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 1.744
## Median : 18.114
## Mean : 32.499
## 3rd Qu.: 60.441
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :4696
## Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.000
## Median : 2.252
## Mean : 17.804
## 3rd Qu.: 24.336
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :4696
## Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.000
## Median : 0.000
## Mean : 4.915
## 3rd Qu.: 0.000
## Max. :87.986
## NA's :4798
## Ease of doing business score (0 = lowest performance to 100 = best performance)
## Min. :20.93
## 1st Qu.:52.47
## Median :61.51
## Mean :61.81
## 3rd Qu.:72.97
## Max. :87.17
## NA's :9410
## Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79) Deposit interest rate (%)
## Min. : 1.000 Min. : -0.38
## 1st Qu.: 5.000 1st Qu.: 3.39
## Median : 6.700 Median : 6.22
## Mean : 7.662 Mean : 48.49
## 3rd Qu.: 9.500 3rd Qu.: 10.30
## Max. :30.500 Max. :130591.97
## NA's :9913 NA's :6091
## Current health expenditure per capita (current US$)
## Min. : 4.335
## 1st Qu.: 59.329
## Median : 245.041
## Mean : 901.818
## 3rd Qu.: 874.891
## Max. :10623.850
## NA's :6986
## Current health expenditure (% of GDP) Consumer price index (2010 = 100)
## Min. : 1.264 Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 4.273 1st Qu.: 26.11
## Median : 5.852 Median : 67.41
## Mean : 6.287 Mean : 75.44
## 3rd Qu.: 7.981 3rd Qu.: 100.00
## Max. :24.244 Max. :20422.89
## NA's :7005 NA's :3271
## CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total)
## Min. : -4.324
## 1st Qu.: 0.000
## Median : 1.656
## Mean : 14.418
## 3rd Qu.: 22.106
## Max. :216.648
## NA's :2459
## CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt)
## Min. : -114
## 1st Qu.: 0
## Median : 61
## Mean : 105914
## 3rd Qu.: 6465
## Max. :15291329
## NA's :2088
## CO2 emissions from transport (% of total fuel combustion)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.:17.56
## Median :26.66
## Mean :29.79
## 3rd Qu.:37.88
## Max. :96.97
## NA's :4801
## CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use)
## Min. : 0.054
## 1st Qu.: 1.552
## Median : 2.309
## Mean : 2.333
## 3rd Qu.: 2.868
## Max. :103.158
## NA's :4821
## CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 4.615
## Median : 9.209
## Mean :10.777
## 3rd Qu.:15.089
## Max. :48.431
## NA's :4801
## CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion)
## Min. :-2.326
## 1st Qu.: 0.309
## Median : 2.370
## Mean : 4.817
## 3rd Qu.: 5.144
## Max. :86.957
## NA's :4801
## CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction (% of total fuel combustion)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.:12.22
## Median :18.11
## Mean :19.79
## 3rd Qu.:25.64
## Max. :81.25
## NA's :4801
## CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)
## Min. : -161
## 1st Qu.: 742
## Median : 3685
## Mean : 99219
## 3rd Qu.: 27336
## Max. :10482498
## NA's :2088
## CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total)
## Min. : -6.089
## 1st Qu.: 45.379
## Median : 72.693
## Mean : 68.205
## 3rd Qu.: 94.688
## Max. :258.524
## NA's :2459
## CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt)
## Min. : -147
## 1st Qu.: 0
## Median : 0
## Mean : 47748
## 3rd Qu.: 7749
## Max. :7056781
## NA's :2088
## CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total)
## Min. : -0.7295
## 1st Qu.: 0.0000
## Median : 0.3014
## Mean : 11.5693
## 3rd Qu.: 16.7420
## Max. :207.3675
## NA's :2459
## CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (% of total fuel combustion)
## Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.:21.80
## Median :34.36
## Mean :34.80
## 3rd Qu.:47.13
## Max. :90.38
## NA's :4801
## CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) CO2 emissions (kt)
## Min. : 0.0000 Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.: 0.4864 1st Qu.: 1170
## Median : 2.0295 Median : 8180
## Mean : 4.7978 Mean : 272492
## 3rd Qu.: 6.3255 3rd Qu.: 56525
## Max. :360.8532 Max. :34041046
## NA's :1985 NA's :1982
## CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP) CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP)
## Min. :0.000 Min. :0.000
## 1st Qu.:0.157 1st Qu.:0.128
## Median :0.258 Median :0.202
## Mean :0.333 Mean :0.256
## 3rd Qu.:0.387 3rd Qu.:0.310
## Max. :2.524 Max. :1.969
## NA's :5483 NA's :5553
## CO2 emissions (kg per 2010 US$ of GDP) Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people)
## Min. :0.0000 Min. : 5.90
## 1st Qu.:0.2383 1st Qu.:15.00
## Median :0.3716 Median :24.00
## Mean :0.5284 Mean :26.40
## 3rd Qu.:0.6124 3rd Qu.:37.34
## Max. :5.3510 Max. :56.95
## NA's :3072 NA's :809
## Bank capital to assets ratio (%)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 7.324
## Median : 9.956
## Mean :10.215
## 3rd Qu.:12.357
## Max. :30.708
## NA's :8701
## Average number of visits or required meetings with tax officials (for affected firms)
## Min. : 1.000
## 1st Qu.: 1.800
## Median : 2.400
## Mean : 2.799
## 3rd Qu.: 3.300
## Max. :18.800
## NA's :10017
## Average precipitation in depth (mm per year)
## Min. : 18.1
## 1st Qu.: 591.0
## Median :1071.0
## Mean :1195.8
## 3rd Qu.:1761.0
## Max. :3240.0
## NA's :8710
## Automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults)
## Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 8.556
## Median : 34.827
## Mean : 45.224
## 3rd Qu.: 61.576
## Max. :324.172
## NA's :7662
## Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider (% of population ages 15+)
## Min. : 1.522
## 1st Qu.: 27.880
## Median : 50.398
## Mean : 54.462
## 3rd Qu.: 82.681
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :9886
## Access to electricity (% of population)
## Min. : 0.534
## 1st Qu.: 72.222
## Median : 99.700
## Mean : 81.698
## 3rd Qu.:100.000
## Max. :100.000
## NA's :5084S&P Composite
Wczytywanie danych
SP.Composite <- read.csv("C:/Users/alili/Desktop/studia/9 semestr/ZED/projekt/Data pack/S&P Composite.csv")Czyszczenie danych:
- zmiana nazwy oraz typ na właściwy kolumny z datą
- zmiana nazwy Cyclicaly.Adjusted.PE.Ratio na skrót CAPE -
SP.Composite <- SP.Composite %>%
rename(Date = Year,
CAPE = Cyclically.Adjusted.PE.Ratio) %>%
mutate(Date = as.Date(Date))Znaczenie atrybutów:
- S.P.Composite - nominalna wartość indexu,
- Divident - nominalna dywidenta,
- Earnings - nominalne zarobki na indeksie,
- CPI - wskaźnik cen towarów i usług konsumpcyjnych. Najpopularniejsza na świecie miara inflacji/deflacji,
- Long.Interest.Rate - stopy procentowe dziesięcioletnich obligacji rządowych,
- Real.Price - realna wartość indexu,
- Real.Divident - realna dywidenta,
- Real.Earnings - realne zarobki na indeksie,
- CAPE (Cyclicaly.Adjusted.PE.Ratio) - cyklicznie dostosowywany wskaźnik ceny do zysków. Definiuje się go jako cenę podzieloną przez średnią z dziesięciu lat zarobków, skorygowaną o inflację.
SP.Composite %>%
ggplot(aes(x=Date)) +
geom_point(aes(y = S.P.Composite), color = "blue") +
geom_point(aes(y = Real.Price), color = "red") +
geom_point(aes(y = CPI), color = "yellow") +
ylim(0, 1000)## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).## Warning: Removed 313 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Podsumowanie danych
head(SP.Composite)## Date S.P.Composite Dividend Earnings CPI Long.Interest.Rate
## 1 2021-10-31 3700.650 NA NA 260.1097 0.93
## 2 2021-09-30 4493.280 NA NA 273.9832 1.29
## 3 2021-08-31 4454.206 NA NA 273.6565 1.28
## 4 2021-07-31 4363.713 NA NA 273.0030 1.32
## 5 2021-06-30 4238.490 57.86504 158.74 271.6960 1.52
## 6 2021-05-31 4167.850 57.78782 148.56 269.1950 1.62
## Real.Price Real.Dividend Real.Earnings CAPE
## 1 3700.650 NA NA 33.73946
## 2 4477.204 NA NA 38.34228
## 3 4443.570 NA NA 38.09043
## 4 4363.713 NA NA 37.44349
## 5 4258.879 58.14340 159.5036 36.69631
## 6 4226.807 58.60528 150.6615 36.55215ncol(SP.Composite)## [1] 10nrow(SP.Composite)## [1] 1810summary(SP.Composite)## Date S.P.Composite Dividend Earnings
## Min. :1871-01-31 Min. : 2.730 Min. : 0.1800 Min. : 0.1600
## 1st Qu.:1908-10-07 1st Qu.: 7.902 1st Qu.: 0.4202 1st Qu.: 0.5608
## Median :1946-06-15 Median : 17.370 Median : 0.8717 Median : 1.4625
## Mean :1946-06-15 Mean : 327.968 Mean : 6.7321 Mean : 15.3714
## 3rd Qu.:1984-02-21 3rd Qu.: 164.400 3rd Qu.: 7.0525 3rd Qu.: 14.7258
## Max. :2021-10-31 Max. :4493.280 Max. :59.6800 Max. :158.7400
## NA's :4 NA's :4
## CPI Long.Interest.Rate Real.Price Real.Dividend
## Min. : 6.28 Min. : 0.620 Min. : 73.9 Min. : 5.445
## 1st Qu.: 10.20 1st Qu.: 3.171 1st Qu.: 186.6 1st Qu.: 9.417
## Median : 20.35 Median : 3.815 Median : 283.3 Median :14.411
## Mean : 62.39 Mean : 4.504 Mean : 622.0 Mean :17.498
## 3rd Qu.:102.28 3rd Qu.: 5.139 3rd Qu.: 707.0 3rd Qu.:22.301
## Max. :273.98 Max. :15.320 Max. :4477.2 Max. :63.511
## NA's :4
## Real.Earnings CAPE
## Min. : 4.576 Min. : 4.784
## 1st Qu.: 14.063 1st Qu.:11.898
## Median : 23.524 Median :16.381
## Mean : 34.907 Mean :17.215
## 3rd Qu.: 43.768 3rd Qu.:20.913
## Max. :159.504 Max. :44.198
## NA's :4 NA's :120Currency Exchange Rates
Wczytywanie danych:
Currency.Exchange.Rates <- read.csv("C:/Users/alili/Desktop/studia/9 semestr/ZED/projekt/Data pack/CurrencyExchangeRates.csv")Czyszczenie danych:
- zmiana typu kolumny z datą
Currency.Exchange.Rates <- Currency.Exchange.Rates %>%
mutate(Date = as.Date(Date))Podsumowanie danych:
Zbiór zawiera codzienne wyceny złota podczas sesji otwarcia i zamknięcia od dnia 1968-01-02 do 2021-09-29.
ncol(Currency.Exchange.Rates)## [1] 52nrow(Currency.Exchange.Rates)## [1] 5978summary(Currency.Exchange.Rates)## Date Algerian.Dinar Australian.Dollar Bahrain.Dinar
## Min. :1995-01-02 Min. : 71.29 Min. :0.4833 Min. :0.376
## 1st Qu.:2000-10-05 1st Qu.: 77.50 1st Qu.:0.6654 1st Qu.:0.376
## Median :2006-07-06 Median : 81.28 Median :0.7595 Median :0.376
## Mean :2006-07-27 Mean : 90.59 Mean :0.7683 Mean :0.376
## 3rd Qu.:2012-05-07 3rd Qu.:108.88 3rd Qu.:0.8689 3rd Qu.:0.376
## Max. :2018-05-02 Max. :115.58 Max. :1.1055 Max. :0.376
## NA's :4112 NA's :263 NA's :69
## Bolivar.Fuerte Botswana.Pula Brazilian.Real Brunei.Dollar
## Min. : 2.14 Min. :0.0855 Min. :0.832 Min. :1.000
## 1st Qu.: 2.59 1st Qu.:0.1197 1st Qu.:1.709 1st Qu.:1.348
## Median : 6.28 Median :0.1528 Median :2.048 Median :1.468
## Mean : 835.09 Mean :0.1965 Mean :2.161 Mean :1.508
## 3rd Qu.: 6.28 3rd Qu.:0.1844 3rd Qu.:2.794 3rd Qu.:1.698
## Max. :68827.50 Max. :4.8414 Max. :4.195 Max. :1.851
## NA's :3664 NA's :1275 NA's :539 NA's :1246
## Canadian.Dollar Chilean.Peso Chinese.Yuan Colombian.Peso
## Min. :0.917 Min. :377.5 Min. :6.093 Min. : 833.2
## 1st Qu.:1.086 1st Qu.:503.5 1st Qu.:6.495 1st Qu.:1786.0
## Median :1.297 Median :538.6 Median :6.989 Median :2017.6
## Mean :1.268 Mean :561.8 Mean :7.316 Mean :2073.1
## 3rd Qu.:1.409 3rd Qu.:619.8 3rd Qu.:8.277 3rd Qu.:2482.9
## Max. :1.613 Max. :758.2 Max. :8.746 Max. :3434.9
## NA's :356 NA's :1220 NA's :1316 NA's :582
## Czech.Koruna Danish.Krone Euro Hungarian.Forint
## Min. :14.45 Min. :4.665 Min. :0.8252 Min. :144.1
## 1st Qu.:19.35 1st Qu.:5.612 1st Qu.:1.0889 1st Qu.:202.7
## Median :21.88 Median :6.051 Median :1.2295 Median :224.3
## Mean :22.95 Mean :6.281 Mean :1.2076 Mean :231.1
## 3rd Qu.:24.94 3rd Qu.:6.805 3rd Qu.:1.3338 3rd Qu.:267.6
## Max. :40.29 Max. :9.006 Max. :1.5990 Max. :318.7
## NA's :1850 NA's :251 NA's :1070 NA's :1415
## Icelandic.Krona Indian.Rupee Indonesian.Rupiah Iranian.Rial
## Min. : 54.72 Min. :31.37 Min. : 2201 Min. : 1699
## 1st Qu.: 70.28 1st Qu.:42.82 1st Qu.: 8855 1st Qu.: 1755
## Median : 83.48 Median :45.92 Median : 9260 Median : 8992
## Mean : 92.46 Mean :48.02 Mean : 9144 Mean :10718
## 3rd Qu.:117.15 3rd Qu.:52.33 3rd Qu.:11380 3rd Qu.:11180
## Max. :147.98 Max. :68.78 Max. :14850 Max. :42000
## NA's :354 NA's :429 NA's :1492 NA's :1312
## Israeli.New.Sheqel Japanese.Yen Kazakhstani.Tenge Korean.Won
## Min. :3.230 Min. : 75.86 Min. :117.2 Min. : 756
## 1st Qu.:3.676 1st Qu.:100.70 1st Qu.:145.4 1st Qu.:1013
## Median :3.882 Median :109.39 Median :150.3 Median :1122
## Mean :4.003 Mean :107.97 Mean :185.6 Mean :1100
## 3rd Qu.:4.370 3rd Qu.:118.38 3rd Qu.:185.7 3rd Qu.:1186
## Max. :4.994 Max. :147.00 Max. :383.9 Max. :1965
## NA's :1939 NA's :316 NA's :3051 NA's :601
## Kuwaiti.Dinar Libyan.Dinar Malaysian.Ringgit Mauritian.Rupee
## Min. :0.2646 Min. :0.525 Min. :2.436 Min. :25.15
## 1st Qu.:0.2854 1st Qu.:0.662 1st Qu.:3.188 1st Qu.:29.12
## Median :0.2947 Median :1.932 Median :3.676 Median :30.67
## Mean :0.2936 Mean :1.510 Mean :3.508 Mean :31.03
## 3rd Qu.:0.3027 3rd Qu.:1.932 3rd Qu.:3.800 3rd Qu.:32.89
## Max. :0.3089 Max. :1.932 Max. :4.725 Max. :36.50
## NA's :1054 NA's :123 NA's :301 NA's :2460
## Mexican.Peso Nepalese.Rupee New.Zealand.Dollar Norwegian.Krone
## Min. : 5.915 Min. : 49.88 Min. :0.3927 Min. :4.959
## 1st Qu.:10.953 1st Qu.: 68.33 1st Qu.:0.5813 1st Qu.:6.104
## Median :12.680 Median : 74.04 Median :0.6844 Median :6.709
## Mean :13.116 Mean : 77.37 Mean :0.6606 Mean :6.965
## 3rd Qu.:13.668 3rd Qu.: 86.80 3rd Qu.:0.7364 3rd Qu.:7.806
## Max. :21.908 Max. :109.98 Max. :0.8822 Max. :9.606
## NA's :2266 NA's :479 NA's :310 NA's :291
## Nuevo.Sol Pakistani.Rupee Peso.Uruguayo Philippine.Peso
## Min. :2.539 Min. : 30.88 Min. : 9.32 Min. :24.55
## 1st Qu.:2.755 1st Qu.: 51.79 1st Qu.:20.07 1st Qu.:43.18
## Median :2.819 Median : 60.75 Median :22.94 Median :44.40
## Mean :2.960 Mean : 70.24 Mean :24.11 Mean :45.01
## 3rd Qu.:3.243 3rd Qu.: 94.29 3rd Qu.:28.44 3rd Qu.:47.10
## Max. :3.522 Max. :115.70 Max. :32.53 Max. :52.35
## NA's :4297 NA's :488 NA's :4287 NA's :4198
## Polish.Zloty Qatar.Riyal Rial.Omani Russian.Ruble
## Min. :2.022 Min. :3.64 Min. :0.3845 Min. :23.13
## 1st Qu.:3.033 1st Qu.:3.64 1st Qu.:0.3845 1st Qu.:28.27
## Median :3.290 Median :3.64 Median :0.3845 Median :30.54
## Mean :3.365 Mean :3.64 Mean :0.3845 Mean :36.91
## 3rd Qu.:3.822 3rd Qu.:3.64 3rd Qu.:0.3845 3rd Qu.:36.20
## Max. :4.500 Max. :3.64 Max. :0.3845 Max. :83.59
## NA's :1765 NA's :47 NA's :56 NA's :2435
## Saudi.Arabian.Riyal Singapore.Dollar South.African.Rand Sri.Lanka.Rupee
## Min. :3.745 Min. :1.201 Min. : 3.530 Min. : 49.57
## 1st Qu.:3.745 1st Qu.:1.361 1st Qu.: 6.213 1st Qu.: 77.54
## Median :3.750 Median :1.444 Median : 7.480 Median :103.99
## Mean :3.749 Mean :1.503 Mean : 8.113 Mean :102.19
## 3rd Qu.:3.750 3rd Qu.:1.687 3rd Qu.: 9.995 3rd Qu.:126.29
## Max. :3.750 Max. :1.851 Max. :16.771 Max. :157.65
## NA's :46 NA's :259 NA's :535 NA's :509
## Swedish.Krona Swiss.Franc Thai.Baht Trinidad.And.Tobago.Dollar
## Min. : 5.843 Min. :0.7253 Min. :24.44 Min. :5.839
## 1st Qu.: 6.838 1st Qu.:0.9777 1st Qu.:31.50 1st Qu.:6.260
## Median : 7.618 Median :1.1878 Median :34.65 Median :6.282
## Mean : 7.741 Mean :1.2090 Mean :35.14 Mean :6.310
## 3rd Qu.: 8.384 3rd Qu.:1.3903 3rd Qu.:39.45 3rd Qu.:6.382
## Max. :10.995 Max. :1.8228 Max. :56.06 Max. :6.789
## NA's :349 NA's :239 NA's :565 NA's :657
## Tunisian.Dinar U.A.E..Dirham U.K..Pound.Sterling U.S..Dollar
## Min. :1.342 Min. :3.671 Min. :1.213 Min. :1
## 1st Qu.:1.566 1st Qu.:3.672 1st Qu.:1.519 1st Qu.:1
## Median :1.723 Median :3.672 Median :1.599 Median :1
## Mean :1.850 Mean :3.672 Mean :1.615 Mean :1
## 3rd Qu.:2.157 3rd Qu.:3.672 3rd Qu.:1.676 3rd Qu.:1
## Max. :2.509 Max. :3.675 Max. :2.102 Max. :1
## NA's :4258 NA's :71 NA's :122Analizy:
Interaktywny wykres zmiany liczby ludności w czasie:
World_Development_Indicators %>%
group_by(Year) %>%
summarise(`Country Name`, Year = 2000, `Urban population`) %>%
arrange(`Urban population`, .by_group = T) %>%
top_n(10)
ggplot(aes(x = `Country Name`, y = `Urban population`)) +
geom_col()
ggplot(aes(x = `Country Name`, group = `Urban population`,fill=factor(`Urban population`)`)) +
coord_flip() +
geom_bar() +
theme_minimal()
Samobójstwa na świecie kobiet i mężczyzn w latach 2000-2019:
suicides <- World_Development_Indicators %>%
filter(`Country Name` == 'World') %>%
select(Year, `Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population)`, `Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population)`) %>%
filter(!is.na(`Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population)`))
suicides.male <- suicides %>%
select(Year, `Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population)`) %>%
rename(`Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 of given gender population)` = `Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population)`) %>%
mutate(gender = 'male')
suicides.female <- suicides %>%
select(Year, `Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population)`) %>%
rename(`Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 of given gender population)` = `Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population)`) %>%
mutate(gender = 'female')
suicides.per.gender <- rbind.data.frame(suicides.male, suicides.female)
suicides.per.gender %>%
ggplot(aes(x = Year, y = `Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 of given gender population)`)) +
geom_line(aes(colour = gender), size = 1) +
geom_point(colour = 'royalblue', size = 2) +
expand_limits(y = 0) +
ggtitle('Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 of given gender population)') +
ylab('') +
theme_bw() -> p
ggplotly(p)Wniosek: Liczba samobójstw jest w trendzie spadkowym, zdrowie psychiczne ludzkości się polepsza.